Effect of Metalloproteinases and Cathepsines Enzymes on Dental Adhesion

Abstract

Introduction The long-term durability of Dentin-Resin complexes has been a challenge for a long time with consistent bond failure after between 12-18 months from the initial procedure. Restorative procedures are already very technique and skill dependent in which the skill of a clinician can influence greatly the durability of a restoration; however, in addition to this, research has shown that the action of proteases, Matrix Metalloproteinases and Cysteine Cathepsins have a vast internal influence on the durability of dentin-resin complexes due their ability to break down collagen fibrils within the hybrid layer complex, independent of the execution of the restorative procedure and protocols followed. Materials and Methods Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, NCIM and PMC were used when researching for this article using keywords such as ‘MMP’, ‘Cysteine Cathepsins’, ‘Dental Adhesion’, ‘Inhibit MMPs’ ‘MMP and Dental Adhesion’. Articles than contained these keywords and those that did not mention dental caries were used in an effort to focus this study. 49 articles were used to write this paper. Discussion and Conclusion Understanding the mechanisms of action of MMPs and CCs were key in order to identify agents and materials that can be used so as to inhibit their actions within the dentin hybrid layer. Multiple agents were found that had proven to be effective such as the commonly used Chlorhexidine that function via chelation; others such as Glutaraldehyde and Tetracyclines as well as Zinc salts have also been proven to have an inhibitory effect on MMP and CC proteolytic action. However, each agent researched Effect of Metalloproteinases and Cathepsines Enzymes on Dental Adhesion has its own drawbacks that require further research and testing to be able to be implemented into everyday protocols in restorative procedures.